JOURNAL 5
Noriman Rojulai, Norliza Aminudin & Nor Asmalina Mohd Anuar (2018)
Below is the framework of the selected journal.
This research framework was constructed to better describe the relationship between tourism development impact, quality of life and support for further tourism development. This research framework contains 6 variables which are 4 independent variables, 1 mediator variable and 1 dependent variable.
This subject is important as the outcomes will contribute towards better planning and development in a tourist area and will lead to a better understanding in terms of support from the local community. tourism impact can be classified into three dimensions, namely, economic, environmental, and socio-cultural with positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts include the improvement of local economic conditions, social and cultural understanding, and protection of environmental resources. Conversely, the negative impacts include a decrease in the quality of life of the local communities because of the negative environmental effect.
To sustain a tourism program or a destination is not an easy task and it may involve continuous effort and to move towards sustaining such a program, future support is considered as one of the most critical elements.
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Items and Variables Review
Measurement items and variable that can be found in the framework are:
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
1 ) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
- Tourists participating in MHEP cause environmental pollution
- Tourists participating in MHEP produce noise
- Tourists participating in MHEP produce littering
- Tourists participating in MHEP cause congestion
2) CULTURAL IMPACT
- MHEP has increased the pride of the residents in the local culture in the community
- MHEP encourages a variety of cultural activities for local communities
- MHEP helps keep the culture alive and helps maintain the ethnic identity of the local communities
- Meeting tourists from all over the world is a life-enriching experience
3) ECONOMIC IMPACT
- MHEP brings important economic benefits to the residents
- MHEP creates employment opportunities for residents in the community
- MHEP provides part-time jobs in the community
- Local businesses benefit the most from MHEP
- Our standard of living has increased due to tourist spending in the community
4) SOCIAL IMPACT
- MHEP has resulted in the unpleasant overcrowded environment for local residents
- MHEP has resulted in unpleasant congestion for local residents
- MHEP has resulted in an unpleasant overcrowded recreation space for local residents.
MEDIATOR VARIABLE
QUALITY OF LIFE
- Your spiritual life
- Your home life
- Your community life
- Safety and security in your community
- Your life as a whole
- The way you are spending your life
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
SUPPORT FOR FURTHER TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
- MHEP is the most important economic developmental options for your village
- My village should try to attract more MHEP’s tourists
- Additional MHEP activities would help the village grow in the right direction
- I support MHEP of having a vital role in this village
Malaysia Homestay Experience Programme (MHEP) served as the platform for local communities to participate and gain benefits from the tourism industry. The local communities’ perception of the tourism development impact is vital in influencing their participation and support for further tourism development.
Tourism has been identified as an effective contributor to improving the income level of the rural community and the potential to improve the quality of life in general (Andereck & Nyaupane, 2011; Sharpley, 2002). The perception of the residents of the impact of tourism, whether positive or negative, is important in influencing their participation and support for further tourism development (Almeida-Garcia, Fernandez, Vazques, & Macias, 2016; Gu & Wong, 2006) in which will affect their quality of life.
The quality of life influences the way communities perceive tourism and its development. When tourism development generates positive impacts, the quality of life of the local communities is enhanced (Jeon, Kang, & Desmarais, 2016; Manohar, 2016; Ma & Kaplanidou, 2017).
The Malaysia Homestay Experience Program (MHEP) in Malaysia emerged from an overspill of tourism and good demand by tourists to experience the lifestyle and the cultural heritage of the rural people (Hamzah, 2008). The program was officially launched in 1995, by the then Ministry of Culture, Arts and Tourism.
The MHEP offers an indirect exchange of culture through taking meals together with the host, participating in rural daily activities such as fishing, rubber tapping and picking coconuts and attending gatherings, all of which provide a different experience for the tourists. This experience is unique on its own and is popular among domestic and international travelers (Kayat, 2009).
D'Sawah Bendang Homestay Sg Besar
D'Sawah Bendang Homestay Sg Besar
Homestay di Segamat, Johor
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